Proteomics in mammary cancer research

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22206 Background: This study combines a summary of proteomics techniques and protein analysis in mammary cancer with a report of expressed and up-regulated proteins in 10 benign mammary tissues and 16 patients with mammary invasive ductal carcinoma. Till now, only few reports of proteomic research for mammary cancer could be found, including the techniques of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2- DE), MALDI/ESI/TOF and ESI/MS. Human carcinoma cell lines, mouse material or human serum were the most exercised materials for these studies. Only a few of them used native tissues from patients with mammary carcinomas. Methods: The aim of this study was to search for more, not well-established (up-regulated) proteins in mammary cancer in the mean and low molecular weight (MW) range, to figure out the role of post-translational modification in biologic processes and to recognize newer pathways. Results: Beside hypothetical proteins a number of transcription factors, such as zinc finger proteins (ZNFs), and not well-investigated (high significant) proteins, e.g., elongation factor 1-alpha 1 (eEF1A1), were identified by mass spectrometry (MS). eEF1A1, expressed in the membrane of mammary carcinomas, is involved in gene expression/translational elongation and has a GTPase activity and an oncogenic potency. Another protein, for example, calgizzarin (S100A11; S10AB human), which is involved in carcinoma invasion and tumor metastases, could be determined as over-expressed in the cytosol of mammary cancer tissues. It is also concerned with the regulation of numerous cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. Conclusions: With this study, we want to demonstrate that proteome analyses provide a powerful tool for detecting potential and new biomarkers, which could be validated for diagnostic and clinical features of mammary carcinomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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