Role of MicroRNAs in Progression and Recurrence of Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the majority of cases (77%) are not diagnosed until the disease has spread to regional lymph nodes or distant sites.Even among Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) adenocarcinoma patients who have been diagnosed early and where there has been no spread to lymph nodes, recurrence after surgical intervention is high.Improved understanding of the molecular alterations involved in aggressivity and recurrence of these tumors may provide better biomarkers for the identiication of patients who would beneit from adjuvant chemotherapy.By comparing the expression of microRNAs in advanced Stage II/III tumors with those expressed in earlier Stage I tumors, we aimed to identify differentially expressed molecular biomarkers that could underly progression and recurrence of Stage I tumors.This pilot study utilized TaqMan qPCR assays to assess the expression of microRNAs in tumor tissue, matched normal tissue and plasma samples from Stage I and Stage II/III lung adenocarcinoma patients.Seven microRNAs were identiied from plasma that could distinguish between patients with Stage I and Stage II/III adenocarcinoma.The up-regulation of miR-29a in plasma of patients with later-stage adenocarcinoma would result in enhanced expression of several molecules involved in integrin signaling, migration and proliferation.Analysis of differential expression of microRNAs in later-stage compared to early-stage lung adenocarcinoma implicates focal adhesion and ECM-receptor pathways in progression and recurrence.Plasma miR-29a is a promising biomarker that can be assessed non-invasively and whose clinical utility should be pursued.

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