Adult-onset asthma: Risk factors

Le résumé fourni par la source

To determine the risk factors for the development of asthma in patients older than 12 years. Methods: An observational, transversal, multicentric, case-control study was led from May to October 2009 in Spain. Patients over 12 years old, diagnosed of asthma in the last 12 months that went to a neumologist or allergist clinic for any reason were chosen as cases. Each case had at least a non-asthmatic control chosen in the first 7 days after inclusion. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was made. Results: After exclusion criteria, 247 cases and 671 controls were included in the study. Mean age was 28.3±8.2, 54.9% women. No significant differences were found by BMI (p=0.4965) or smoking habits (p=0,1327). Age was a protective factor (OR 0.969; CI95% 0.948-0.991), and so was educational level (OR 0.685; CI95% 0.546-0.856). Other risk factors were animals hypersensitivity (OR 2.581; CI95% 1.515-4.399), other allergens hypersensitivity (OR 1.984; CI95% 1.306-3.015), rhinitis (OR 1.878; CI95% 1.263-2.794), exposure to irritant substances (OR 1.733; CI95% 1.075-2.793), NSAID hypersensitivity/intolerance (OR 2.305; CI95% 1.066-4.983) and familiar history of asthma (OR 1.543; CI95% 1.073-2.220). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that higher age and superior educational level behave as protective factors, while animals hypersensitivity, other allergens hypersensitivity, rhinitis, exposure to irritant substances, NSAID hypersensitivity/intolerance and familiar history of asthma were risk factors for the development of adult-onset asthma. Further studies should be made in order to prevent this disease.

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