Rôle de la protéine multifonctionnelle E4F1 et de la voie p53 dans l’homéostasie cutanées
Le résumé fourni par la source
E4F1 protein has been first identified in the 80's as a cellular target of the adenoviral oncoprotein E1A. E4F1 is an atypical multifunctional protein with two different activities. In fact, it can acts as a transcriptional factor thanks to its DNA binding domain and exhibits either positive or negative transcriptional activities depending on the promoter context. In addition to its transcriptional activities, E4F1 is also an atypical E3-ligase for other transcription factors, including the p53 tumor suppressor. A growing body of evidence suggests that the multifunctional protein E4F1 is involved in signaling pathways that play essential roles during normal development and tumorigenesis. Moreover, we have shown that skin defect is one of the most striking phenotype of E4F1 conditional knockout mice. E4F1 inactivation in the entire skin or in the basal compartment of the epidermis (K5 specific knockout mice) induces skin homeostasis defects, as evidenced by transient hyperplasia in the interfollicular epithelium and alteration of keratinocyte differentiation, followed by loss of cellularity in the epidermis and severe skin ulcerations. E4F1 depletion alters clonogenic activity of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) ex vivo and ends in exhaustion of the ESC pool in vivo, indicating that the lesions observed in the E4F1 mutant skin result, at least in part, from cell-autonomous alterations in ESC maintenance. The clonogenic potential of E4F1 KO ESCs is partially rescued by Bmi1 overexpression, or by Ink4a/Arf overexpression or p53 depletion. In additions, in vivo, skin phenotype of E4F1 KO mice is also delayed in animals with Ink4a/Arf and E4F1 compound gene deficiencies. Taking together, our data show the essential role of E4F1 protein into Bmi1-Arf-p53 pathway to regulate ESC-dependent skin homeostasis.
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