Optimising Polyculture Systems for Stichopus horrens: Effects of Tilapia and Rabbitfish on Growth, Survival, and Benthic Dynamics
Ketut Maha Setiawati, Sari Budi Moria Sembiring, Jhon Harianto Hutapea, Ananto Setiadi et autres
Introduction: integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) offers a sustainable alternative to monoculture by combining species with complementary trophic roles to improve nutrient recycling and environmental performance. Within this system, deposit-feeding sea cucumbers such as Stichopus horrens function as extractive organisms that convert organic …
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