{"item": {"cve_id": "CVE-2025-68613", "ghsa_id": "", "osv_id": "", "title": "n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection", "description": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Versions starting with 0.211.0 and prior to 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0 contain a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in their workflow expression evaluation system. Under certain conditions, expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime. An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.120.4, 1.121.1, and 1.122.0. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to a patched version, which introduces additional safeguards to restrict expression evaluation. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only; and/or deploy n8n in a hardened environment with restricted operating system privileges and network access to reduce the impact of potential exploitation. These workarounds do not fully eliminate the risk and should only be used as short-term measures.", "published_at": "2025-12-19T23:15:52.083", "modified_at": "2026-06-17T09:59:20.790", "vendor": "n8n", "product": "n8n", "affected_versions": [">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4", "= 1.121.0"], "fixed_versions": [], "cvss_score": 9.9, "cvss_version": "3.1", "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "severity": "CRITICAL", "epss_score": 0.98994, "epss_percentile": 0.9993, "epss_date": "2026-10-08", "is_kev": true, "kev_date": "2026-03-11", "kev_due_date": "2026-03-25", "kev_action": "Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.", "cwe_ids": ["CWE-913"], "attack_vector": "NETWORK", "attack_complexity": "LOW", "privileges_required": "LOW", "user_interaction": "NONE", "references": ["https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/08f332015153decdda3c37ad4fcb9f7ba13a7c79", "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/1c933358acef527ff61466e53268b41a04be1000", "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/39a2d1d60edde89674ca96dcbb3eb076ffff6316", "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp", "https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/2026/feb/zerobot-malware-targets-n8n-automation-platform", "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613"], "source_urls": {"NVD": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613", "CVE.org": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68613", "CISA": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613", "FIRST EPSS": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-68613"}, "patch_available": null, "workaround_available": null, "sources": ["NVD", "CVE.org", "CISA", "FIRST EPSS"], "reference_items": [{"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/08f332015153decdda3c37ad4fcb9f7ba13a7c79", "tags": ["Patch", "x_refsource_MISC"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/1c933358acef527ff61466e53268b41a04be1000", "tags": ["Patch", "x_refsource_MISC"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/39a2d1d60edde89674ca96dcbb3eb076ffff6316", "tags": ["Patch", "x_refsource_MISC"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp", "tags": ["Patch", "Vendor Advisory", "x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}, {"url": "https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/2026/feb/zerobot-malware-targets-n8n-automation-platform", "tags": ["Exploit", "Third Party Advisory", "third-party-advisory"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}, {"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613", "tags": ["US Government Resource", "government-resource"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}], "cvss_v4_score": null, "cvss_v4_vector": "", "cvss_v4_severity": "", "nvd_status": "Analyzed", "cna": "GitHub_M", "date_reserved": "2025-12-19T14:58:47.823Z", "ssvc": {"options": {"Exploitation": "active", "Automatable": "no", "Technical Impact": "total"}, "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-03-03T00:00:00+00:00", "role": "CISA Coordinator"}, "affected_products": [{"vendor": "n8n", "product": "n8n", "ranges": ["de 0.211.0 à 1.120.4 (exclue)", "1.121.0"], "first_unaffected": ["1.120.4"], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "n8n-io", "product": "n8n", "ranges": [">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4", "= 1.121.0"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "CVE.org"}], "kev_name": "n8n Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources Vulnerability", "kev_short_description": "n8n contains an improper control of dynamically managed code resources vulnerability in its workflow expression evaluation system that allows for remote code execution.", "kev_ransomware": "Unknown", "kev_notes": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613", "kev_cwes": ["CWE-913"], "wordfence_id": "", "mentions_sources": [], "version_match": "unknown", "risk_score": 92, "risk_class": "Urgent", "impact": {"confidentialite": "élevé", "integrite": "élevé", "disponibilite": "élevé", "summary": "Un attaquant exploitant cette vulnérabilité pourrait, selon les conditions décrites par les sources, exploitable à distance (réseau), avec des privilèges existants, affecter la confidentialité des données, l'intégrité du système et la disponibilité du service.", "basis": "CVSS 3.1"}, "mechanism": "Exécution de code à distance : sous certaines conditions, du code peut être exécuté sur le système.", "mitigation": {"correction": {"available": true, "text": "Mettre à jour : selon les sources, ne sont plus concernées les versions à partir de n8n 1.120.4."}, "mitigation": {"specific": "Aucune mesure de mitigation spécifique confirmée par les sources consultées. Consultez les références officielles pour d'éventuelles mesures détaillées.", "general": ["Maintenir le produit à jour et activer les mises à jour de sécurité.", "Restreindre l'exposition réseau du service au strict nécessaire.", "Appliquer le principe du moindre privilège.", "Surveiller les journaux et les alertes de sécurité."], "specific_links": []}, "containment": {"applicable": true, "actions": ["Action recommandée par la CISA : Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.", "Isoler ou restreindre l'accès au service concerné.", "Restreindre les flux réseau entrants/sortants liés au composant.", "Renforcer la surveillance des journaux et des accès.", "Désactiver temporairement le composant vulnérable si l'activité le permet."]}, "note": "Priorité aux consignes officielles de l'éditeur et des références. Vérifiez toujours l'avis de sécurité avant toute intervention en production.", "official_links": [{"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/08f332015153decdda3c37ad4fcb9f7ba13a7c79", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "GitHub", "domaine": "github.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/1c933358acef527ff61466e53268b41a04be1000", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "GitHub", "domaine": "github.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/39a2d1d60edde89674ca96dcbb3eb076ffff6316", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "GitHub", "domaine": "github.com"}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "GitHub Security Advisory", "domaine": "github.com"}]}, "plain": {"verdict": "now", "verdict_label": "Exploité par des attaquants · à traiter aujourd'hui", "verdict_css": "now", "verdict_rank": 0, "headline": "Un attaquant peut faire exécuter son propre code à distance", "headline_is_derived": true, "action": "Mettre à jour vers n8n 1.120.4 ou plus récent, version publiée comme non concernée.", "action_kind": "update", "concerned": [{"version": "n8n 1.120.4 ou plus récent", "state": "safe", "state_label": "Non concerné", "todo": "Rien à faire. Gardez les mises à jour automatiques activées."}, {"version": ">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4, = 1.121.0", "state": "hit", "state_label": "Concerné", "todo": "Mettre à jour vers n8n 1.120.4 ou plus récent, version publiée comme non concernée."}, {"version": "Je ne connais pas ma version", "state": "unknown", "state_label": "À vérifier", "todo": "La version s'affiche généralement dans le menu « À propos » ou « Aide » du logiciel."}], "steps": [{"title": "Sauvegarder avant d'intervenir", "detail": "Une copie récente des données et de la configuration. Si votre hébergeur propose une sauvegarde en un clic, c'est le moment.", "duration": "10 min", "priority": false}, {"title": "Mettre à jour vers n8n 1.120.4 ou plus récent, version publiée comme non concernée", "detail": "C'est la correction officielle. Tant qu'elle n'est pas appliquée, les autres mesures ne sont que temporaires.", "duration": "15 à 45 min", "priority": true}, {"title": "En attendant : réduire l'exposition sur Internet", "detail": "La faille est exploitable à distance. Limiter l'accès au service depuis l'extérieur (pare-feu, filtrage d'adresses, VPN) réduit fortement le risque.", "duration": "30 min", "priority": false}, {"title": "Vérifier que vous n'avez pas déjà été touché", "detail": "Cette faille est activement exploitée. Contrôler les comptes créés récemment, les connexions inhabituelles et les fichiers modifiés depuis la date de publication.", "duration": "30 min", "priority": true}, {"title": "Confirmer que tout fonctionne encore", "detail": "Après correction : page d'accueil, connexion, et les deux ou trois fonctions dont vous vous servez tous les jours.", "duration": "10 min", "priority": false}], "exploited": true, "exploited_label": "Oui, des attaques réelles sont constatées", "fixed_label": "n8n 1.120.4 (non concernée selon les sources)", "affected_label": ">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4, = 1.121.0"}, "severity_display": "Critique", "cvss_is_legacy": false, "risk_score_computable": true, "identifier": "CVE-2025-68613", "severity_fr": "Critique", "epss_pct": 99.0, "source_records": [{"source": "NVD", "label": "NVD, NIST", "date_label": "Publié dans la base", "date": "2025-12-19", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613"}, {"source": "CVE.org", "label": "CVE.org, programme CVE", "date_label": "Publié par l'organisme CNA", "date": "2025-12-19", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68613"}, {"source": "CISA", "label": "CISA KEV", "date_label": "Ajout au catalogue", "date": "2026-03-11", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613"}, {"source": "FIRST EPSS", "label": "FIRST EPSS", "date_label": "Score daté du", "date": "2026-10-08", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-68613"}], "exploit_public": true, "reseau_sans_auth": false, "exposition": "À distance, sous conditions (compte ou action d'un utilisateur)", "owasp": []}, "presentation": {"en_bref": [{"question": "Est-elle attaquée ?", "ton": "alerte", "reponse": "Oui, attaques constatées", "source": "Catalogue CISA KEV"}, {"question": "Existe-t-il un correctif ?", "ton": "bon", "reponse": "Oui : 1.120.4", "source": "Versions publiées comme non concernées"}, {"question": "Comment l'attaquer ?", "ton": "neutre", "reponse": "À distance, sous conditions (compte ou action d'un utilisateur)", "source": "Vecteur CVSS publié"}, {"question": "Risque d'exploitation", "ton": "alerte", "reponse": "99,0 % sur 30 jours", "source": "Plus probable que 100 % des failles connues"}], "references": [{"cle": "correctif", "titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "explication": "Les pages que les sources désignent comme correctif ou notes de version.", "items": [{"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/08f332015153decdda3c37ad4fcb9f7ba13a7c79", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub", "etiquettes": ["Correctif"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/1c933358acef527ff61466e53268b41a04be1000", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub", "etiquettes": ["Correctif"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/39a2d1d60edde89674ca96dcbb3eb076ffff6316", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub", "etiquettes": ["Correctif"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub Security Advisory", "etiquettes": ["Correctif", "Avis de l'éditeur"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false}]}, {"cle": "avis_tiers", "titre": "Avis d'autorités et d'organismes tiers", "explication": "CERT, agences gouvernementales, bases de vulnérabilités, chercheurs.", "items": [{"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613", "domaine": "www.cisa.gov", "editeur": "CISA", "etiquettes": ["Ressource gouvernementale américaine", "Ressource gouvernementale"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false}]}, {"cle": "exploit", "titre": "Codes d'exploitation référencés", "explication": "Les sources signalent un code d'exploitation public. Par prudence, CyberAlert affiche le site qui l'héberge sans lien direct : l'information utile ici est son existence, qui rend la faille plus facile à attaquer.", "items": [{"url": "https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/2026/feb/zerobot-malware-targets-n8n-automation-platform", "domaine": "www.akamai.com", "editeur": "", "etiquettes": ["Code d'exploitation", "Avis d'un tiers"], "nom": "", "lien": false, "casse": false}]}], "liens_correction": [{"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/08f332015153decdda3c37ad4fcb9f7ba13a7c79", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub", "etiquettes": ["Correctif"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false, "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées"}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/1c933358acef527ff61466e53268b41a04be1000", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub", "etiquettes": ["Correctif"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false, "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées"}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/39a2d1d60edde89674ca96dcbb3eb076ffff6316", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub", "etiquettes": ["Correctif"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false, "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées"}, {"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp", "domaine": "github.com", "editeur": "GitHub Security Advisory", "etiquettes": ["Correctif", "Avis de l'éditeur"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false, "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées"}], "nb_exploits": 1, "cvss": {"version": "3.1", "vecteur": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "metriques": [{"code": "AV", "nom": "Vecteur d'attaque", "valeur": "Réseau (à distance, y compris par Internet)", "brut": "N", "explication": "D'où l'attaquant doit agir."}, {"code": "AC", "nom": "Complexité de l'attaque", "valeur": "Faible", "brut": "L", "explication": "Conditions hors du contrôle de l'attaquant."}, {"code": "PR", "nom": "Privilèges requis", "valeur": "Faibles (compte ordinaire)", "brut": "L", "explication": "Droits dont l'attaquant a besoin avant d'attaquer."}, {"code": "UI", "nom": "Interaction de l'utilisateur", "valeur": "Aucune", "brut": "N", "explication": "Une victime doit-elle cliquer ou ouvrir quelque chose ?"}, {"code": "S", "nom": "Portée", "valeur": "Modifiée (d'autres composants peuvent être touchés)", "brut": "C", "explication": "L'attaque peut-elle toucher d'autres composants que celui qui est vulnérable ?"}, {"code": "C", "nom": "Confidentialité", "valeur": "Élevé", "brut": "H", "explication": "Accès à des informations protégées."}, {"code": "I", "nom": "Intégrité", "valeur": "Élevé", "brut": "H", "explication": "Modification de données ou du système."}, {"code": "A", "nom": "Disponibilité", "valeur": "Élevé", "brut": "H", "explication": "Arrêt ou ralentissement du service."}], "calculateur": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H", "specification": "https://www.first.org/cvss/v3.1/specification-document"}, "cvss4": null, "cwe": [{"id": "CWE-913", "nom": "", "url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/913.html"}], "owasp": [], "ssvc": {"lignes": [{"nom": "Exploitation", "valeur": "Exploitation active constatée", "brut": "active"}, {"nom": "Automatisable", "valeur": "Non : l'attaque ne peut pas être entièrement automatisée", "brut": "no"}, {"nom": "Impact technique", "valeur": "Total : contrôle complet du composant ou de ses informations", "brut": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "date": "2026-03-03", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/stakeholder-specific-vulnerability-categorization-ssvc"}, "chronologie": [{"date": "2025-12-19", "libelle": "Identifiant réservé", "qui": "Programme CVE"}, {"date": "2025-12-19", "libelle": "Publication de la vulnérabilité", "qui": "GitHub_M"}, {"date": "2026-03-03", "libelle": "Décision SSVC publiée", "qui": "CISA"}, {"date": "2026-03-11", "libelle": "Ajout au catalogue des failles exploitées", "qui": "CISA"}, {"date": "2026-03-25", "libelle": "Échéance de correction fixée par la CISA", "qui": "CISA"}, {"date": "2026-06-17", "libelle": "Dernière mise à jour de la fiche source", "qui": "Source"}, {"date": "2026-10-08", "libelle": "Calcul du score EPSS affiché", "qui": "FIRST"}], "liens_officiels": [{"nom": "NVD (NIST)", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613", "description": "Fiche de référence : CVSS, CPE, références étiquetées."}, {"nom": "CVE.org", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68613", "description": "Enregistrement officiel publié par l'organisme qui a attribué l'identifiant."}, {"nom": "CISA KEV", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-68613", "description": "Entrée du catalogue des failles activement exploitées."}, {"nom": "FIRST EPSS", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-68613", "description": "Score de probabilité d'exploitation du jour."}, {"nom": "OSV.dev", "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-68613", "description": "Paquets open source concernés et versions corrigées."}, {"nom": "GitHub Advisory Database", "url": "https://github.com/advisories?query=CVE-2025-68613", "description": "Avis de sécurité des dépendances logicielles."}], "produits": [{"vendor": "n8n", "product": "n8n", "ranges": ["de 0.211.0 à 1.120.4 (exclue)", "1.121.0"], "first_unaffected": ["1.120.4"], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "n8n-io", "product": "n8n", "ranges": [">= 0.211.0, < 1.120.4", "= 1.121.0"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "CVE.org"}], "notes_kev": ["https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp", "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68613"]}, "consulted_at": "2026-10-08T21:19:26.784764+00:00"}