{"item": {"cve_id": "CVE-2010-4345", "ghsa_id": "", "osv_id": "", "title": "CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Exim 4.72 and earlier allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging the ability of the exim user account to specify an alternate configuration file with a directive that contains arbitrary commands, as demonstrated by the spool_directory directive.", "published_at": "2010-12-14T16:00:04.257", "modified_at": "2026-06-16T23:24:36.353", "vendor": "Exim", "product": "Exim", "affected_versions": ["n/a"], "fixed_versions": [], "cvss_score": 7.8, "cvss_version": "3.1", "cvss_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "severity": "HIGH", "epss_score": 0.17965, "epss_percentile": 0.97116, "epss_date": "2026-10-07", "is_kev": true, "kev_date": "2022-03-25", "kev_due_date": "2022-04-15", "kev_action": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.", "cwe_ids": ["CWE-77"], "attack_vector": "LOCAL", "attack_complexity": "LOW", "privileges_required": "LOW", "user_interaction": "NONE", "references": ["http://bugs.exim.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1044", "http://lists.exim.org/lurker/message/20101209.172233.abcba158.en.html", "http://lists.exim.org/lurker/message/20101210.164935.385e04d0.en.html", "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2010-12/msg00003.html", "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/12/10/1", "http://secunia.com/advisories/42576", "http://secunia.com/advisories/42930", "http://secunia.com/advisories/43128", "http://secunia.com/advisories/43243", "http://www.cpanel.net/2010/12/critical-exim-security-update.html", "http://www.debian.org/security/2010/dsa-2131", "http://www.debian.org/security/2011/dsa-2154", "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/758489", "http://www.exim.org/lurker/message/20101207.215955.bb32d4f2.en.html", "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=662012", "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0364", "http://www.metasploit.com/modules/exploit/unix/smtp/exim4_string_format", "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0153.html", "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/45341", "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1024859", "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/515172/100/0/threaded", "http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/12/11/exim_code_execution_peril/", "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0245", "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0135", "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1060-1", "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/3204", "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/3171", "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/04/7", "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-4345"], "source_urls": {"NVD": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4345", "CVE.org": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2010-4345", "CISA": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-4345", "FIRST EPSS": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2010-4345"}, "patch_available": 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"x_refsource_CONFIRM", "x_transferred"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}, {"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-4345", "tags": ["US Government Resource", "government-resource"], "source": "NVD", "name": ""}], "cvss_v4_score": null, "cvss_v4_vector": "", "cvss_v4_severity": "", "nvd_status": "Analyzed", "cna": "redhat", "date_reserved": "2010-11-30T00:00:00.000Z", "ssvc": {"options": {"Exploitation": "active", "Automatable": "no", "Technical Impact": "total"}, "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2025-02-07T13:24:14.950730Z", "role": "CISA Coordinator"}, "affected_products": [{"vendor": "Exim", "product": "Exim", "ranges": ["jusqu'à 4.72 (incluse)"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "Opensuse", "product": "Opensuse", "ranges": ["11.1", "11.2", "11.3"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "Debian", "product": "Debian Linux", "ranges": ["5.0"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "Canonical", "product": "Ubuntu Linux", "ranges": ["6.06", "8.04", "9.10", "10.04", "10.10"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "n/a", "product": "n/a", "ranges": ["n/a"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "CVE.org"}], "kev_name": "Exim Privilege Escalation Vulnerability", "kev_short_description": "Exim allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging the ability of the exim user account to specify an alternate configuration file with a directive that contains arbitrary commands.", "kev_ransomware": "Unknown", "kev_notes": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4345", "kev_cwes": ["CWE-264"], "wordfence_id": "", "mentions_sources": [], "version_match": "unknown", "risk_score": 59, "risk_class": "Important", "impact": {"confidentialite": "élevé", "integrite": "élevé", "disponibilite": "élevé", "summary": "Un attaquant exploitant cette vulnérabilité pourrait, selon les conditions décrites par les sources, nécessite un accès local, avec des privilèges existants, affecter la confidentialité des données, l'intégrité du système et la disponibilité du service.", "basis": "CVSS 3.1"}, "mechanism": "Injection de commande : des entrées mal validées peuvent modifier une commande interne.", "mitigation": {"correction": {"available": true, "text": "Appliquer le correctif de l'éditeur dès que possible (lien ci-dessous)."}, "mitigation": {"specific": "Aucune mesure de mitigation spécifique confirmée par les sources consultées. Consultez les références officielles pour d'éventuelles mesures détaillées.", "general": ["Maintenir le produit à jour et activer les mises à jour de sécurité.", "Restreindre l'exposition réseau du service au strict nécessaire.", "Appliquer le principe du moindre privilège.", "Surveiller les journaux et les alertes de sécurité."], "specific_links": []}, "containment": {"applicable": true, "actions": ["Action recommandée par la CISA : Apply updates per vendor instructions.", "Isoler ou restreindre l'accès au service concerné.", "Restreindre les flux réseau entrants/sortants liés au composant.", "Renforcer la surveillance des journaux et des accès.", "Désactiver temporairement le composant vulnérable si l'activité le permet."]}, "note": "Priorité aux consignes officielles de l'éditeur et des références. Vérifiez toujours l'avis de sécurité avant toute intervention en production.", "official_links": [{"url": "http://bugs.exim.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1044", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "", "domaine": "bugs.exim.org"}, {"url": "http://lists.exim.org/lurker/message/20101209.172233.abcba158.en.html", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "", "domaine": "lists.exim.org"}, {"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=662012", "groupe": "correctif", "groupe_titre": "Correctifs et versions corrigées", "editeur": "Red Hat", "domaine": "bugzilla.redhat.com"}, {"url": "http://www.exim.org/lurker/message/20101207.215955.bb32d4f2.en.html", "groupe": "avis_editeur", "groupe_titre": "Avis de sécurité de l'éditeur", "editeur": "", "domaine": "www.exim.org"}]}, "plain": {"verdict": "now", "verdict_label": "Exploité par des attaquants · à traiter aujourd'hui", "verdict_css": "now", "verdict_rank": 0, "headline": "Un attaquant peut modifier une commande exécutée par Exim, depuis l'appareil lui-même", "headline_is_derived": true, "action": "Action officielle recommandée par la CISA : Installer les mises à jour publiées par l'éditeur.", "action_kind": "official", "concerned": [{"version": "n/a", "state": "hit", "state_label": "Concerné", "todo": "Action officielle recommandée par la CISA : Installer les mises à jour publiées par l'éditeur."}, {"version": "Je ne connais pas ma version", "state": "unknown", "state_label": "À vérifier", "todo": "La version s'affiche généralement dans le menu « À propos » ou « Aide » du logiciel."}], "steps": [{"title": "Sauvegarder avant d'intervenir", "detail": "Une copie récente des données et de la configuration. Si votre hébergeur propose une sauvegarde en un clic, c'est le moment.", "duration": "10 min", "priority": false}, {"title": "Action officielle recommandée par la CISA : Installer les mises à jour publiées par l'éditeur", "detail": "C'est la correction officielle. Tant qu'elle n'est pas appliquée, les autres mesures ne sont que temporaires.", "duration": "15 à 45 min", "priority": true}, {"title": "En attendant : restreindre l'accès à l'appareil", "detail": "L'exploitation demande un accès local à la machine. Limiter qui peut s'y connecter suffit à contenir le risque immédiat.", "duration": "20 min", "priority": false}, {"title": "Vérifier que vous n'avez pas déjà été touché", "detail": "Cette faille est activement exploitée. Contrôler les comptes créés récemment, les connexions inhabituelles et les fichiers modifiés depuis la date de publication.", "duration": "30 min", "priority": true}, {"title": "Confirmer que tout fonctionne encore", "detail": "Après correction : page d'accueil, connexion, et les deux ou trois fonctions dont vous vous servez tous les jours.", "duration": "10 min", "priority": false}], "exploited": true, "exploited_label": "Oui, des attaques réelles sont constatées", "fixed_label": "Correctif non identifié dans les sources", "affected_label": "n/a"}, "severity_display": "Élevée", "cvss_is_legacy": false, "risk_score_computable": true, "identifier": "CVE-2010-4345", "severity_fr": "Élevée", "epss_pct": 18.0, "source_records": [{"source": "NVD", "label": "NVD, NIST", "date_label": "Publié dans la base", "date": "2010-12-14", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4345"}, {"source": "CVE.org", "label": "CVE.org, programme CVE", "date_label": "Publié par l'organisme CNA", "date": "2010-12-14", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2010-4345"}, {"source": "CISA", "label": "CISA KEV", "date_label": "Ajout au catalogue", "date": "2022-03-25", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-4345"}, {"source": "FIRST EPSS", "label": "FIRST EPSS", "date_label": "Score daté du", "date": "2026-10-07", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2010-4345"}], "exploit_public": false, "reseau_sans_auth": false, "exposition": "Avec un accès à la machine", "owasp": [{"code": "A05", "nom": "Injection", "nom_officiel": "Injection", "slug": "a05-injection", "libelle": "A05:2025 Injection", "url_officielle": "https://top10.owasp.org/2025/A05_2025-Injection/"}]}, "presentation": {"en_bref": [{"question": "Est-elle attaquée ?", "ton": "alerte", "reponse": "Oui, attaques constatées", "source": "Catalogue CISA KEV"}, {"question": "Existe-t-il un correctif ?", "ton": "bon", "reponse": "Oui, un correctif est référencé", "source": 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"Correctifs et versions corrigées"}, {"url": "http://www.exim.org/lurker/message/20101207.215955.bb32d4f2.en.html", "domaine": "www.exim.org", "editeur": "", "etiquettes": ["Liste de diffusion", "Avis de l'éditeur"], "nom": "", "lien": true, "casse": false, "groupe": "avis_editeur", "groupe_titre": "Avis de sécurité de l'éditeur"}], "nb_exploits": 0, "cvss": {"version": "3.1", "vecteur": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "metriques": [{"code": "AV", "nom": "Vecteur d'attaque", "valeur": "Local (accès à la machine)", "brut": "L", "explication": "D'où l'attaquant doit agir."}, {"code": "AC", "nom": "Complexité de l'attaque", "valeur": "Faible", "brut": "L", "explication": "Conditions hors du contrôle de l'attaquant."}, {"code": "PR", "nom": "Privilèges requis", "valeur": "Faibles (compte ordinaire)", "brut": "L", "explication": "Droits dont l'attaquant a besoin avant d'attaquer."}, {"code": "UI", "nom": "Interaction de l'utilisateur", "valeur": "Aucune", "brut": "N", "explication": "Une victime doit-elle cliquer ou ouvrir quelque chose ?"}, {"code": "S", "nom": "Portée", "valeur": "Inchangée", "brut": "U", "explication": "L'attaque peut-elle toucher d'autres composants que celui qui est vulnérable ?"}, {"code": "C", "nom": "Confidentialité", "valeur": "Élevé", "brut": "H", "explication": "Accès à des informations protégées."}, {"code": "I", "nom": "Intégrité", "valeur": "Élevé", "brut": "H", "explication": "Modification de données ou du système."}, {"code": "A", "nom": "Disponibilité", "valeur": "Élevé", "brut": "H", "explication": "Arrêt ou ralentissement du service."}], "calculateur": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "specification": "https://www.first.org/cvss/v3.1/specification-document"}, "cvss4": null, "cwe": [{"id": "CWE-77", "nom": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')", "url": "https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/77.html"}], "owasp": [{"code": "A05", "nom": "Injection", "nom_officiel": "Injection", "slug": "a05-injection", "libelle": "A05:2025 Injection", "url_officielle": "https://top10.owasp.org/2025/A05_2025-Injection/"}], "ssvc": {"lignes": [{"nom": "Exploitation", "valeur": "Exploitation active constatée", "brut": "active"}, {"nom": "Automatisable", "valeur": "Non : l'attaque ne peut pas être entièrement automatisée", "brut": "no"}, {"nom": "Impact technique", "valeur": "Total : contrôle complet du composant ou de ses informations", "brut": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "date": "2025-02-07", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/stakeholder-specific-vulnerability-categorization-ssvc"}, "chronologie": [{"date": "2010-11-30", "libelle": "Identifiant réservé", "qui": "Programme CVE"}, {"date": "2010-12-14", "libelle": "Publication de la vulnérabilité", "qui": "redhat"}, {"date": "2022-03-25", "libelle": "Ajout au catalogue des failles exploitées", "qui": "CISA"}, {"date": "2022-04-15", "libelle": "Échéance de correction fixée par la CISA", "qui": "CISA"}, {"date": "2025-02-07", "libelle": "Décision SSVC publiée", "qui": "CISA"}, {"date": "2026-06-16", "libelle": "Dernière mise à jour de la fiche source", "qui": "Source"}, {"date": "2026-10-07", "libelle": "Calcul du score EPSS affiché", "qui": "FIRST"}], "liens_officiels": [{"nom": "NVD (NIST)", "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Fiche de référence : CVSS, CPE, références étiquetées."}, {"nom": "CVE.org", "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Enregistrement officiel publié par l'organisme qui a attribué l'identifiant."}, {"nom": "CISA KEV", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Entrée du catalogue des failles activement exploitées."}, {"nom": "FIRST EPSS", "url": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Score de probabilité d'exploitation du jour."}, {"nom": "OSV.dev", "url": "https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Paquets open source concernés et versions corrigées."}, {"nom": "GitHub Advisory Database", "url": "https://github.com/advisories?query=CVE-2010-4345", "description": "Avis de sécurité des dépendances logicielles."}], "produits": [{"vendor": "Exim", "product": "Exim", "ranges": ["jusqu'à 4.72 (incluse)"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "Opensuse", "product": "Opensuse", "ranges": ["11.1", "11.2", "11.3"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "Debian", "product": "Debian Linux", "ranges": ["5.0"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "Canonical", "product": "Ubuntu Linux", "ranges": ["6.06", "8.04", "9.10", "10.04", "10.10"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "NVD"}, {"vendor": "n/a", "product": "n/a", "ranges": ["n/a"], "first_unaffected": [], "source": "CVE.org"}], "notes_kev": ["https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4345"]}, "consulted_at": "2026-10-08T05:45:30.825530+00:00"}